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Air conditioning is an essential part of modern homes, especially during hot summer months. Since its invention by Willis Carrier in , air conditioning technology has evolved significantly, which means there are more options than ever for homeowners. This guide will explore the basics of air conditioning, different types of systems, and how to choose and maintain the right AC for your home.
As the coils chill the air, its moisture condenses on the coils and is drained away. Refrigerants are liquids with a low boiling point, or the temperature at which the refrigerant turns from a liquid to a gas. In air conditioners the phase change happens at the coils, cooling them and removing heat from the inside air. After leaving the coils, the refrigerant moves to the condenser where the pressure from the compressor changes it from a gas back to a liquid.
This second phase change makes the refrigerant give up the heat it gains from the inside air. After passing through the condenser, the refrigerant once again makes its way to the coil. Heat pumps provide winter heat in exactly the same way as air conditioners remove it in the summer, except the refrigerant flow is reversed.
Best central air conditioning units: top picks for a cooler home all year round
Learn more about the differences between a heat pump and AC. There are several types of air conditioning systems available for homes, each with its own advantages and best-use scenarios. Central air conditioning is the most common type in modern homes. It uses a network of ducts to distribute cooled air throughout the house. The main components are typically split between an indoor air handler and an outdoor condenser unit.
Most new homes are built with central air conditioning. The same ducts used to heat the house in the winter carry cool air in the summer.
Luftkonditionering, AC & Luftkylare
The cooling coils might be near an air handler large fans in the ductwork that move air in the attic or in the basement, or in both places. A Manual-J calculation evaluates the size of the house, its insulation, solar heat gain from the windows, and air leakage. Ductless mini-split systems have gained popularity in recent years, especially for homes without existing ductwork.
These systems consist of an outdoor compressor unit connected to one or more indoor air handlers. A mini-split is a small central air system. Many also function as heat pumps. Depending on the cooling needs of the house, the best ductless mini-split AC will have one or more wall-mounted heads that circulate air.
Ducted mini-split systems have small sections of duct to move air between rooms. With their reputation for high efficiency, mini-splits have become a popular way to retrofit air conditioning in older houses, and as the prime heat and cooling source in well-insulated new homes. As with central air, be sure your contractor does a Manual J calculation to properly size a mini-split.
These units are installed through an exterior wall and provide both heating and cooling. Window air conditioners are self-contained units that fit into a window opening. Similar to window units are through-the-wall air conditioners. Portable air conditioners are freestanding units that can be moved from room to room. They typically vent hot air through a window using a flexible hose.
Introduction to Home Air Conditioning Systems
Selecting the appropriate air conditioning system for your home involves considering various factors to ensure optimal comfort and efficiency. Energy efficiency is a critical factor in choosing an AC system. The main efficiency ratings to consider are:.